Eye Health Questions
Refractive Error:
Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a vision condition in which close objects are seen clearly, but objects farther away appear blurred. Nearsightedness occurs if the eyeball is too long or the cornea, the clear front cover of the eye, has too much curvature. As a result, the light entering the eye isn’t focused correctly and distant objects look blurred.
Hyperopia, or farsightedness, occurs when light entering the eye focuses behind the retina, instead of directly on it. This is caused by a cornea that is flatter, or an eye that is shorter, than a normal eye. Farsighted people usually have trouble seeing up close, but may also have difficulty seeing far away as well.
During middle age, usually beginning in the 40s, people experience blurred vision with near work. This condition is called presbyopia and happens to everyone at some point in life, eve those who have never had a vision problem before. Eyeglasses with bifocal or progressive addition lenses (PALs) are the most common correction for presbyopia.
Computer eye strain, or Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS), affects more than 70 percent of the approximately 143 million Americans who work on a computer on a daily basis, according to the American Optometric Association (AOA). These symptoms are caused by our eyes and brain reacting differently to characters on a computer screen than they do to printed characters. Our eyes have little problem focusing on printed material that has dense black characters with well-defined edges. Characters on a computer screen do not have the same degree of contrast and definition. Eye strain and other symptoms of CVS do not only occur in adults. Millions of children work at a computer every day, either at home or in school. Prolonged computer use can stress a child’s eyes and may affect normal vision development.
Eye Health:
Persons with diabetes are at risk for several eye disorders, including diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and cataracts, and should have eye examinations every year.
A cataract is a clouding of the eye’s natural lens, which lies behind the iris and the pupil. The lens works much like a camera lens, focusing light onto the retina at the back of the eye. The lens also adjusts the eye’s focus, letting us see things clearly both up close and far away.
Macular degeneration, often called AMD or ARMD (age-related macular degeneration), is the leading cause of vision loss and blindness in Americans aged 65 and older. Because older people represent an increasingly larger percentage of the general population, vision loss from macular degeneration is a growing problem. AMD occurs with degeneration of the macula, which is the part of the retina responsible for the sharp, central vision. Therefore, central vision loss is the primary symptom related to macular degeneration.
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